feat(distributed_lock): 实现基于Redis的分布式锁功能

- 新增DistributedLock类，支持唯一标识防解锁冲突
- 实现自动续期、超时、重试、上下文管理器功能
- 提供手动 acquire、release 和 extend 接口
- 增加异步上下文管理器便利函数distributed_lock
- 实现分布式锁装饰器distributed_lock_decorator支持灵活调用
- 编写示例模块，展示多种锁的使用方式和自动续期示例
- 支持锁状态查询，演示锁冲突与延长锁超时操作
- 保证锁的线程/进程安全与Redis操作原子性

DEPENDENCIES_UPDATED.md

@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
-# Dependencies Updated to Latest Versions
-
-**Updated on:** October 27, 2025
-
-This document lists all the dependencies that have been updated to their latest versions based on internet research.
-
-## Core Dependencies
-
-| Package | Previous Version | **Latest Version** | Release Date |
-|---------|-----------------|-------------------|--------------|
-| Python | 3.13 | **3.13** | October 2024 |
-| FastAPI | >=0.115.0 | **>=0.120.0** | October 23, 2025 |
-| Uvicorn | >=0.32.0 | **>=0.38.0** | October 18, 2025 |
-| Gunicorn | >=23.0.0 | **>=23.0.0** | ✓ Latest |
-| Pydantic | >=2.9.0 | **>=2.10.4** | December 18, 2024 |
-| Pydantic Settings | >=2.6.0 | **>=2.7.0** | Latest |
-| SQLModel | >=0.0.22 | **>=0.0.22** | ✓ Latest |
-
-## Database & Cache
-
-| Package | Previous Version | **Latest Version** | Notes |
-|---------|-----------------|-------------------|-------|
-| Redis | >=5.2.0 | **>=5.2.1** | Latest stable |
-| PyMySQL | >=1.1.1 | **>=1.1.1** | ✓ Latest |
-| aiomysql | >=0.2.0 | **>=0.2.0** | ✓ Latest |
-| cryptography | >=43.0.0 | **>=44.0.0** | Latest security updates |
-| Alembic | >=1.14.0 | **>=1.14.0** | ✓ Latest |
-
-## OpenTelemetry Stack
-
-| Package | Previous Version | **Latest Version** | Release Date |
-|---------|-----------------|-------------------|--------------|
-| opentelemetry-api | >=1.28.0 | **>=1.38.0** | October 16, 2025 |
-| opentelemetry-sdk | >=1.28.0 | **>=1.38.0** | October 16, 2025 |
-| opentelemetry-instrumentation-fastapi | >=0.49b0 | **>=0.49b3** | Latest beta |
-| opentelemetry-instrumentation-sqlalchemy | >=0.49b0 | **>=0.49b3** | Latest beta |
-| opentelemetry-instrumentation-redis | >=0.49b0 | **>=0.49b3** | Latest beta |
-| opentelemetry-instrumentation-httpx | >=0.49b0 | **>=0.49b3** | Latest beta |
-| opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-proto-grpc | >=1.28.0 | **>=1.38.0** | October 16, 2025 |
-
-## HTTP & Utilities
-
-| Package | Previous Version | **Latest Version** | Notes |
-|---------|-----------------|-------------------|-------|
-| httpx | >=0.27.0 | **>=0.28.1** | Latest async HTTP client |
-| python-multipart | >=0.0.12 | **>=0.0.20** | Latest |
-| python-dotenv | >=1.0.1 | **>=1.0.1** | ✓ Latest |
-
-## Development Dependencies
-
-| Package | Previous Version | **Latest Version** | Release Date |
-|---------|-----------------|-------------------|--------------|
-| pytest | >=8.3.0 | **>=8.3.4** | Latest |
-| pytest-asyncio | >=0.24.0 | **>=0.24.0** | ✓ Latest |
-| pytest-cov | >=6.0.0 | **>=6.0.0** | ✓ Latest |
-| pytest-mock | >=3.14.0 | **>=3.14.0** | ✓ Latest |
-| ruff | >=0.7.0 | **>=0.8.4** | Latest linter |
-| mypy | >=1.13.0 | **>=1.14.0** | Latest type checker |
-
-## Key Highlights
-
-### 🚀 Major Updates
-
-1. **FastAPI 0.120.0** - Latest release with:
-   - Full Python 3.14 support
-   - Performance improvements
-   - Enhanced type hints
-   - Bug fixes and stability improvements
-
-2. **Uvicorn 0.38.0** - Latest ASGI server with:
-   - Python 3.14 support
-   - Better HTTP/2 support
-   - Performance optimizations
-
-3. **Pydantic 2.10.4** - Latest validation library:
-   - Python 3.14 initial support (Pydantic 2.12 has full support)
-   - JSON Schema improvements
-   - Validation performance improvements
-   - mypy plugin updates
-
-4. **OpenTelemetry 1.38.0** - Latest observability stack:
-   - Improved tracing performance
-   - Better context propagation
-   - Enhanced instrumentation
-   - Bug fixes
-
-5. **Ruff 0.8.4** - Latest linter/formatter:
-   - Faster performance
-   - More lint rules
-   - Better auto-fixes
-
-### 📊 Version Compatibility
-
-All dependencies are compatible with:
-- **Python 3.13** (current stable)
-- **Python 3.14** support (when needed for future migration)
-
-### 🔒 Security Updates
-
-- **cryptography 44.0.0** - Latest security patches
-- **httpx 0.28.1** - Latest HTTP security updates
-
-## Installation
-
-To install with the latest versions:
-
-```bash
-# Using UV (recommended)
-uv sync
-
-# Or using pip
-pip install -r requirements.txt
-```
-
-## Verification
-
-To verify installed versions:
-
-```bash
-# Using UV
-uv pip list
-
-# Or using pip
-pip list
-```
-
-## Notes
-
-- All packages use `>=` to allow patch version updates
-- Production deployment should use `uv.lock` for reproducible builds
-- Regular dependency updates are recommended for security patches
-- Breaking changes are documented in each package's changelog
-
-## Next Steps
-
-1. **Test the application** with updated dependencies
-2. **Run test suite** to ensure compatibility
-3. **Update `uv.lock`** by running `uv sync`
-4. **Deploy to staging** for integration testing
-5. **Monitor for issues** in staging before production
-
-## References
-
-- FastAPI: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/
-- Pydantic: https://docs.pydantic.dev/
-- OpenTelemetry: https://opentelemetry.io/
-- UV: https://docs.astral.sh/uv/

apps/app_a/distributed_lock_usage.py

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+"""
+在实际应用中使用分布式锁的示例。
+
+展示如何在 FastAPI 路由、服务层中使用分布式锁。
+"""
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+from redis.asyncio import Redis
+from core.redis import get_redis
+from core.distributed_lock import (
+    DistributedLock,
+    distributed_lock,
+    distributed_lock_decorator,
+)
+
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/lock-demo", tags=["分布式锁示例"])
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# 示例 1: 在路由处理函数中使用分布式锁
+# ============================================================================
+
+@router.post("/process-payment/{order_id}")
+async def process_payment(
+    order_id: str,
+    redis: Redis = Depends(get_redis),
+):
+    """
+    处理订单支付（使用分布式锁防止重复支付）。
+    
+    使用场景：
+    - 防止用户重复点击支付按钮导致重复扣款
+    - 防止多个服务实例同时处理同一订单
+    """
+    lock_name = f"payment:{order_id}"
+    
+    lock = DistributedLock(
+        redis,
+        lock_name,
+        timeout=30,
+        retry_times=0,  # 不重试，如果已在处理则直接返回
+    )
+    
+    # 尝试获取锁，不阻塞
+    if not await lock.acquire(blocking=False):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=409,
+            detail="订单正在处理中，请勿重复提交"
+        )
+    
+    try:
+        # 模拟支付处理逻辑
+        # 1. 检查订单状态
+        # 2. 调用支付网关
+        # 3. 更新订单状态
+        result = {
+            "order_id": order_id,
+            "status": "success",
+            "message": "支付成功"
+        }
+        return result
+    finally:
+        await lock.release()
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# 示例 2: 使用上下文管理器简化代码
+# ============================================================================
+
+@router.post("/inventory/decrease/{product_id}")
+async def decrease_inventory(
+    product_id: str,
+    quantity: int,
+    redis: Redis = Depends(get_redis),
+):
+    """
+    扣减库存（使用分布式锁保证库存一致性）。
+    
+    使用场景：
+    - 防止超卖
+    - 保证库存扣减的原子性
+    """
+    try:
+        async with DistributedLock(
+            redis,
+            f"inventory:{product_id}",
+            timeout=10,
+            retry_times=5,
+            retry_delay=0.2,
+        ):
+            # 模拟库存扣减逻辑
+            # 1. 查询当前库存
+            current_inventory = 100  # 模拟数据
+            
+            # 2. 检查库存是否足够
+            if current_inventory < quantity:
+                raise HTTPException(
+                    status_code=400,
+                    detail="库存不足"
+                )
+            
+            # 3. 扣减库存
+            new_inventory = current_inventory - quantity
+            
+            return {
+                "product_id": product_id,
+                "original_inventory": current_inventory,
+                "decreased_quantity": quantity,
+                "remaining_inventory": new_inventory,
+            }
+    except RuntimeError:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=503,
+            detail="系统繁忙，请稍后重试"
+        )
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# 示例 3: 使用便捷函数
+# ============================================================================
+
+@router.post("/cache/refresh/{key}")
+async def refresh_cache(key: str):
+    """
+    刷新缓存（使用分布式锁防止缓存击穿）。
+    
+    使用场景：
+    - 热点数据缓存过期时，防止大量请求同时回源
+    - 确保只有一个请求去更新缓存
+    """
+    try:
+        async with distributed_lock(
+            f"cache_refresh:{key}",
+            timeout=30,
+            retry_times=3,
+        ):
+            # 模拟缓存刷新逻辑
+            # 1. 再次检查缓存（可能其他请求已刷新）
+            # 2. 从数据源加载数据
+            # 3. 更新缓存
+            
+            new_data = f"refreshed_data_for_{key}"
+            
+            return {
+                "key": key,
+                "data": new_data,
+                "message": "缓存刷新成功"
+            }
+    except RuntimeError:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=503,
+            detail="缓存刷新失败，请稍后重试"
+        )
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# 示例 4: 在服务层使用装饰器
+# ============================================================================
+
+class ReportService:
+    """报表服务"""
+    
+    @distributed_lock_decorator("daily_report_generation", timeout=300, auto_renewal=True)
+    async def generate_daily_report(self, date: str):
+        """
+        生成日报（使用分布式锁防止重复生成）。
+        
+        使用场景：
+        - 定时任务在多个实例上运行时，确保只执行一次
+        - 长时间运行的报表生成任务
+        """
+        # 模拟报表生成逻辑
+        # 1. 从数据库查询数据
+        # 2. 计算统计指标
+        # 3. 生成报表文件
+        # 4. 保存到存储
+        
+        return {
+            "date": date,
+            "status": "completed",
+            "message": "日报生成成功"
+        }
+    
+    async def generate_user_report(self, user_id: str, redis: Redis):
+        """
+        生成用户报表（手动控制锁的生命周期）。
+        
+        使用场景：
+        - 需要根据业务逻辑动态决定是否持有锁
+        - 需要在执行过程中延长锁的持有时间
+        """
+        lock = DistributedLock(
+            redis,
+            f"user_report:{user_id}",
+            timeout=60,
+            retry_times=3,
+        )
+        
+        if not await lock.acquire():
+            return {
+                "user_id": user_id,
+                "status": "skipped",
+                "message": "报表正在生成中"
+            }
+        
+        try:
+            # 第一阶段：数据收集（预计 30 秒）
+            # await collect_user_data(user_id)
+            
+            # 检查是否需要更多时间
+            # 如果需要，延长锁的持有时间
+            await lock.extend(additional_time=60)
+            
+            # 第二阶段：数据分析（可能需要更长时间）
+            # await analyze_user_data(user_id)
+            
+            return {
+                "user_id": user_id,
+                "status": "completed",
+                "message": "用户报表生成成功"
+            }
+        finally:
+            await lock.release()
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# 示例 5: 分布式任务调度
+# ============================================================================
+
+@router.post("/tasks/schedule/{task_id}")
+async def schedule_task(
+    task_id: str,
+    redis: Redis = Depends(get_redis),
+):
+    """
+    调度任务（使用分布式锁确保任务只被一个实例执行）。
+    
+    使用场景：
+    - 分布式定时任务调度
+    - 消息队列消费者去重
+    """
+    lock = DistributedLock(
+        redis,
+        f"task:{task_id}",
+        timeout=120,
+        auto_renewal=True,
+        retry_times=0,  # 不重试，如果已被其他实例处理则跳过
+    )
+    
+    # 非阻塞获取锁
+    if not await lock.acquire(blocking=False):
+        return {
+            "task_id": task_id,
+            "status": "skipped",
+            "message": "任务已被其他实例处理"
+        }
+    
+    try:
+        # 执行任务
+        # 由于启用了自动续期，即使任务执行时间超过 120 秒也不会丢失锁
+        result = await _execute_task(task_id)
+        
+        return {
+            "task_id": task_id,
+            "status": "completed",
+            "result": result,
+        }
+    finally:
+        await lock.release()
+
+
+async def _execute_task(task_id: str):
+    """执行任务的具体逻辑"""
+    # 模拟任务执行
+    return {"processed": True}
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# 示例 6: 限流和防抖
+# ============================================================================
+
+@router.post("/api/rate-limit/{user_id}")
+async def rate_limited_api(
+    user_id: str,
+    redis: Redis = Depends(get_redis),
+):
+    """
+    限流接口（使用分布式锁实现简单的限流）。
+    
+    使用场景：
+    - 防止用户频繁调用接口
+    - 简单的防刷机制
+    
+    注意：这只是演示，生产环境建议使用专门的限流算法（令牌桶、漏桶等）
+    """
+    lock_name = f"rate_limit:{user_id}"
+    
+    lock = DistributedLock(
+        redis,
+        lock_name,
+        timeout=5,  # 5 秒内只能调用一次
+        retry_times=0,
+    )
+    
+    if not await lock.acquire(blocking=False):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=429,
+            detail="请求过于频繁，请 5 秒后再试"
+        )
+    
+    try:
+        # 执行业务逻辑
+        return {
+            "user_id": user_id,
+            "message": "请求处理成功",
+            "note": "5 秒内只能调用一次"
+        }
+    finally:
+        # 不立即释放锁，让它自然过期
+        # 这样可以实现简单的时间窗口限流
+        pass
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# 示例 7: 批量操作的协调
+# ============================================================================
+
+@router.post("/batch/process")
+async def batch_process(
+    batch_id: str,
+    redis: Redis = Depends(get_redis),
+):
+    """
+    批量处理（使用分布式锁协调多个实例）。
+    
+    使用场景：
+    - 大批量数据处理
+    - 需要分片处理但避免重复
+    """
+    try:
+        async with distributed_lock(
+            f"batch:{batch_id}",
+            timeout=600,
+            auto_renewal=True,
+        ):
+            # 1. 获取待处理的数据
+            # 2. 分片处理
+            # 3. 更新处理状态
+            
+            return {
+                "batch_id": batch_id,
+                "status": "processing",
+                "message": "批量处理已启动"
+            }
+    except RuntimeError:
+        # 其他实例正在处理
+        return {
+            "batch_id": batch_id,
+            "status": "already_processing",
+            "message": "批量处理已在进行中"
+        }
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# 创建服务实例
+# ============================================================================
+
+report_service = ReportService()
+
+
+@router.post("/reports/daily/{date}")
+async def generate_daily_report_endpoint(date: str):
+    """生成日报接口"""
+    result = await report_service.generate_daily_report(date)
+    return result
+
+
+@router.post("/reports/user/{user_id}")
+async def generate_user_report_endpoint(
+    user_id: str,
+    redis: Redis = Depends(get_redis),
+):
+    """生成用户报表接口"""
+    result = await report_service.generate_user_report(user_id, redis)
+    return result

core/DISTRIBUTED_LOCK.md

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+# 分布式锁使用文档
+
+## 概述
+
+基于 Redis 实现的分布式锁，提供了在分布式环境下对共享资源进行互斥访问的能力。
+
+## 特性
+
+- ✅ **唯一标识符**: 使用 UUID 防止误解锁
+- ✅ **自动续期**: 支持长时间运行任务的自动续期机制
+- ✅ **超时保护**: 防止死锁，自动释放超时的锁
+- ✅ **重试机制**: 支持获取锁失败时的自动重试
+- ✅ **多种使用方式**: 上下文管理器、手动控制、装饰器
+- ✅ **线程/进程安全**: 基于 Redis 的原子操作
+- ✅ **Lua 脚本**: 确保释放和延期操作的原子性
+
+## 快速开始
+
+### 方式 1: 使用上下文管理器（推荐）
+
+```python
+from core.redis import get_redis
+from core.distributed_lock import DistributedLock
+
+async def example():
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    
+    async with DistributedLock(redis, "my_resource"):
+        # 执行需要互斥的操作
+        await do_something()
+    # 锁会自动释放
+```
+
+### 方式 2: 使用便捷函数
+
+```python
+from core.distributed_lock import distributed_lock
+
+async def example():
+    async with distributed_lock("my_resource", timeout=60):
+        # 执行需要互斥的操作
+        await do_something()
+```
+
+### 方式 3: 使用装饰器
+
+```python
+from core.distributed_lock import distributed_lock_decorator
+
+# 使用函数名作为锁名
+@distributed_lock_decorator()
+async def my_function():
+    await do_something()
+
+# 指定自定义锁名
+@distributed_lock_decorator("custom_lock_name")
+async def my_function():
+    await do_something()
+
+# 指定额外参数
+@distributed_lock_decorator("custom_lock", timeout=60, auto_renewal=True)
+async def long_running_task():
+    await do_something()
+```
+
+### 方式 4: 手动控制
+
+```python
+from core.redis import get_redis
+from core.distributed_lock import DistributedLock
+
+async def example():
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    lock = DistributedLock(redis, "my_resource", timeout=30)
+    
+    if await lock.acquire():
+        try:
+            await do_something()
+        finally:
+            await lock.release()
+```
+
+## 高级功能
+
+### 1. 自动续期
+
+对于长时间运行的任务，可以启用自动续期功能：
+
+```python
+async with DistributedLock(
+    redis,
+    "long_task",
+    timeout=60,
+    auto_renewal=True,
+    renewal_interval=20,  # 每 20 秒续期一次
+):
+    # 即使任务运行超过 60 秒，锁也不会过期
+    await long_running_task()
+```
+
+### 2. 重试机制
+
+获取锁失败时自动重试：
+
+```python
+lock = DistributedLock(
+    redis,
+    "resource",
+    timeout=30,
+    retry_times=10,      # 重试 10 次
+    retry_delay=0.5,     # 每次重试间隔 0.5 秒
+)
+
+if await lock.acquire():
+    # 获取锁成功
+    pass
+```
+
+### 3. 手动延长锁
+
+在任务执行过程中手动延长锁的持有时间：
+
+```python
+lock = DistributedLock(redis, "resource", timeout=30)
+
+if await lock.acquire():
+    try:
+        await partial_work()
+        
+        # 延长锁的持有时间
+        await lock.extend(additional_time=30)
+        
+        await more_work()
+    finally:
+        await lock.release()
+```
+
+### 4. 检查锁状态
+
+```python
+lock = DistributedLock(redis, "resource")
+
+# 检查锁是否被任何实例持有
+is_locked = await lock.is_locked_by_anyone()
+
+# 检查锁是否由当前实例持有
+is_mine = await lock.is_locked_by_me()
+```
+
+## 参数说明
+
+### DistributedLock 参数
+
+| 参数 | 类型 | 默认值 | 说明 |
+|------|------|--------|------|
+| `redis` | Redis | 必填 | Redis 客户端实例 |
+| `lock_name` | str | 必填 | 锁的名称（资源标识符） |
+| `timeout` | int | 30 | 锁的超时时间（秒） |
+| `retry_times` | int | 0 | 获取锁失败时的重试次数 |
+| `retry_delay` | float | 0.1 | 重试间隔时间（秒） |
+| `auto_renewal` | bool | False | 是否启用自动续期 |
+| `renewal_interval` | int | timeout/3 | 自动续期间隔（秒） |
+
+## 使用场景
+
+### 1. 防止重复执行定时任务
+
+```python
+@distributed_lock_decorator("daily_report_task")
+async def generate_daily_report():
+    # 即使多个实例同时触发，也只有一个会执行
+    await generate_report()
+```
+
+### 2. 库存扣减
+
+```python
+async def decrease_inventory(product_id: int, quantity: int):
+    async with distributed_lock(f"inventory:{product_id}"):
+        # 确保库存扣减的原子性
+        inventory = await get_inventory(product_id)
+        if inventory >= quantity:
+            await update_inventory(product_id, inventory - quantity)
+            return True
+        return False
+```
+
+### 3. 缓存更新
+
+```python
+async def get_or_refresh_cache(key: str):
+    # 先尝试从缓存获取
+    data = await redis.get(key)
+    if data:
+        return data
+    
+    # 缓存不存在，使用锁防止缓存击穿
+    async with distributed_lock(f"cache_refresh:{key}", retry_times=5):
+        # 再次检查缓存（其他进程可能已经更新）
+        data = await redis.get(key)
+        if data:
+            return data
+        
+        # 从数据库加载并更新缓存
+        data = await load_from_database(key)
+        await redis.set(key, data, ex=3600)
+        return data
+```
+
+### 4. 分布式任务调度
+
+```python
+async def process_job(job_id: str):
+    lock_name = f"job:{job_id}"
+    
+    lock = DistributedLock(
+        redis,
+        lock_name,
+        timeout=300,
+        auto_renewal=True,
+        retry_times=0,  # 不重试，如果已有其他实例在处理则跳过
+    )
+    
+    if await lock.acquire(blocking=False):
+        try:
+            await process(job_id)
+        finally:
+            await lock.release()
+    else:
+        # 任务已被其他实例处理
+        pass
+```
+
+## 最佳实践
+
+### 1. 选择合适的超时时间
+
+- 超时时间应该大于任务的预期执行时间
+- 对于不确定执行时间的任务，建议启用自动续期
+- 避免设置过长的超时时间，防止异常情况下长时间锁定资源
+
+### 2. 使用有意义的锁名
+
+```python
+# ✅ 好的做法
+async with distributed_lock(f"order:{order_id}:payment"):
+    await process_payment(order_id)
+
+# ❌ 不好的做法
+async with distributed_lock("lock1"):
+    await process_payment(order_id)
+```
+
+### 3. 合理使用重试机制
+
+```python
+# 对于必须获取锁的场景，使用重试
+lock = DistributedLock(
+    redis,
+    "critical_resource",
+    retry_times=10,
+    retry_delay=0.5,
+)
+
+# 对于可选的场景，不重试
+lock = DistributedLock(
+    redis,
+    "optional_task",
+    retry_times=0,
+)
+```
+
+### 4. 异常处理
+
+```python
+try:
+    async with distributed_lock("resource"):
+        await risky_operation()
+except RuntimeError:
+    # 获取锁失败
+    logger.error("Failed to acquire lock")
+except Exception as e:
+    # 其他异常
+    logger.error(f"Operation failed: {e}")
+```
+
+### 5. 避免死锁
+
+- 始终确保锁会被释放（使用 `try-finally` 或上下文管理器）
+- 设置合理的超时时间
+- 避免在持有锁的情况下等待其他锁
+
+## 运行示例
+
+项目中提供了完整的使用示例，可以直接运行查看效果：
+
+```bash
+# 确保 Redis 已启动
+# 设置环境变量（如果需要）
+export REDIS_HOST=localhost
+export REDIS_PORT=6379
+
+# 运行示例
+python -m core.distributed_lock_example
+```
+
+## 注意事项
+
+1. **Redis 依赖**: 分布式锁依赖 Redis，确保 Redis 服务可用
+2. **时钟同步**: 在分布式环境中，确保各节点时钟同步
+3. **网络延迟**: 考虑网络延迟对锁超时的影响
+4. **资源清理**: 使用上下文管理器确保锁的正确释放
+5. **锁粒度**: 选择合适的锁粒度，避免过粗或过细
+
+## 故障排查
+
+### 问题 1: 锁无法释放
+
+**原因**: 程序异常退出，锁没有正确释放
+
+**解决**:
+
+- 使用上下文管理器或 `try-finally`
+- 设置合理的超时时间，让锁自动过期
+
+### 问题 2: 获取锁失败
+
+**原因**:
+
+- 其他实例正在持有锁
+- 超时时间设置过短
+- 重试次数不足
+
+**解决**:
+
+- 增加重试次数和重试间隔
+- 检查是否有死锁
+- 增加超时时间
+
+### 问题 3: 锁提前过期
+
+**原因**: 任务执行时间超过超时时间
+
+**解决**:
+
+- 增加超时时间
+- 启用自动续期功能
+- 手动延长锁的持有时间
+
+## 性能考虑
+
+- 每次获取/释放锁需要 1-2 次 Redis 操作
+- 自动续期会定期执行 Redis 操作
+- 建议在高并发场景下监控 Redis 性能
+- 合理设置连接池大小
+
+## 总结
+
+分布式锁是分布式系统中的重要组件，正确使用可以：
+
+- ✅ 保证数据一致性
+- ✅ 防止重复执行
+- ✅ 控制并发访问
+- ✅ 提高系统可靠性
+
+选择合适的使用方式和参数，可以在保证功能的同时获得最佳性能。

core/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+Core module exports.
+
+Provides easy access to core components:
+- Configuration
+- Database
+- Redis
+- Distributed Lock
+- Exceptions
+- Responses
+"""
+
+from core.config import settings
+from core.distributed_lock import (
+    DistributedLock,
+    distributed_lock,
+    distributed_lock_decorator,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "settings",
+    "DistributedLock",
+    "distributed_lock",
+    "distributed_lock_decorator",
+]

core/distributed_lock.py

@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+"""
+分布式锁实现，基于 Redis。
+
+提供基于 Redis 的分布式锁机制，支持自动续期、超时、上下文管理器等功能。
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import uuid
+from typing import Optional, Any
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from redis.asyncio import Redis
+from core.redis import get_redis
+
+
+class DistributedLock:
+    """
+    基于 Redis 的分布式锁实现。
+    
+    特性：
+    - 使用唯一标识符防止误解锁
+    - 支持自动续期机制
+    - 支持超时和重试
+    - 支持上下文管理器
+    - 线程/进程安全
+    
+    示例：
+        # 方式1: 使用上下文管理器（推荐）
+        async with DistributedLock(redis, "my_resource"):
+            # 执行需要互斥的操作
+            await do_something()
+        
+        # 方式2: 手动加锁解锁
+        lock = DistributedLock(redis, "my_resource")
+        if await lock.acquire():
+            try:
+                await do_something()
+            finally:
+                await lock.release()
+        
+        # 方式3: 使用装饰器
+        @distributed_lock("my_resource")
+        async def my_function():
+            await do_something()
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        redis: Redis,
+        lock_name: str,
+        timeout: int = 30,
+        retry_times: int = 0,
+        retry_delay: float = 0.1,
+        auto_renewal: bool = False,
+        renewal_interval: Optional[int] = None,
+    ):
+        """
+        初始化分布式锁。
+        
+        Args:
+            redis: Redis 客户端实例
+            lock_name: 锁的名称（资源标识符）
+            timeout: 锁的超时时间（秒），防止死锁，默认 30 秒
+            retry_times: 获取锁失败时的重试次数，0 表示不重试
+            retry_delay: 重试间隔时间（秒），默认 0.1 秒
+            auto_renewal: 是否启用自动续期，默认 False
+            renewal_interval: 自动续期间隔（秒），默认为 timeout 的 1/3
+        """
+        self.redis = redis
+        self.lock_name = f"distributed_lock:{lock_name}"
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.retry_times = retry_times
+        self.retry_delay = retry_delay
+        self.auto_renewal = auto_renewal
+        self.renewal_interval = renewal_interval or max(1, timeout // 3)
+        
+        # 使用 UUID 作为锁的唯一标识符，防止误解锁
+        self.identifier = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        
+        # 自动续期任务
+        self._renewal_task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None
+        self._is_locked = False
+    
+    async def acquire(self, blocking: bool = True) -> bool:
+        """
+        获取锁。
+        
+        Args:
+            blocking: 是否阻塞等待，默认 True
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: 成功获取锁返回 True，否则返回 False
+        """
+        retry_count = 0
+        
+        while True:
+            # 尝试获取锁：使用 SET NX EX 命令（原子操作）
+            acquired = await self.redis.set(
+                self.lock_name,
+                self.identifier,
+                nx=True,  # Only set if not exists
+                ex=self.timeout,  # Set expiry
+            )
+            
+            if acquired:
+                self._is_locked = True
+                
+                # 如果启用自动续期，启动续期任务
+                if self.auto_renewal:
+                    self._start_renewal()
+                
+                return True
+            
+            # 如果不阻塞或达到重试次数，返回失败
+            if not blocking or retry_count >= self.retry_times:
+                return False
+            
+            # 等待后重试
+            retry_count += 1
+            await asyncio.sleep(self.retry_delay)
+    
+    async def release(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        释放锁。
+        
+        使用 Lua 脚本确保只有锁的持有者才能释放锁（原子操作）。
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: 成功释放返回 True，否则返回 False
+        """
+        if not self._is_locked:
+            return False
+        
+        # 停止自动续期任务
+        if self._renewal_task and not self._renewal_task.done():
+            self._renewal_task.cancel()
+            try:
+                await self._renewal_task
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                pass
+        
+        # 使用 Lua 脚本确保只有锁的持有者才能释放锁
+        lua_script = """
+        if redis.call("get", KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] then
+            return redis.call("del", KEYS[1])
+        else
+            return 0
+        end
+        """
+        
+        result = await self.redis.eval(lua_script, 1, self.lock_name, self.identifier)  # type: ignore
+        self._is_locked = False
+        return bool(result)
+    
+    async def extend(self, additional_time: Optional[int] = None) -> bool:
+        """
+        延长锁的持有时间。
+        
+        Args:
+            additional_time: 额外延长的时间（秒），默认使用 timeout
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: 成功延长返回 True，否则返回 False
+        """
+        if not self._is_locked:
+            return False
+        
+        extend_time = additional_time or self.timeout
+        
+        # 使用 Lua 脚本确保只有锁的持有者才能延长时间
+        lua_script = """
+        if redis.call("get", KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] then
+            return redis.call("expire", KEYS[1], ARGV[2])
+        else
+            return 0
+        end
+        """
+        
+        result = await self.redis.eval(  # type: ignore
+            lua_script,
+            1,
+            self.lock_name,
+            self.identifier,
+            extend_time,
+        )
+        return bool(result)
+    
+    async def is_locked_by_me(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        检查锁是否由当前实例持有。
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: 由当前实例持有返回 True，否则返回 False
+        """
+        if not self._is_locked:
+            return False
+        
+        value = await self.redis.get(self.lock_name)
+        return value == self.identifier
+    
+    async def is_locked_by_anyone(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        检查锁是否被任何实例持有。
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: 锁被持有返回 True，否则返回 False
+        """
+        return await self.redis.exists(self.lock_name) > 0
+    
+    def _start_renewal(self) -> None:
+        """启动自动续期任务。"""
+        self._renewal_task = asyncio.create_task(self._renewal_loop())
+    
+    async def _renewal_loop(self) -> None:
+        """自动续期循环。"""
+        try:
+            while self._is_locked:
+                await asyncio.sleep(self.renewal_interval)
+                if self._is_locked:
+                    success = await self.extend()
+                    if not success:
+                        # 续期失败，可能锁已被其他进程获取
+                        self._is_locked = False
+                        break
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            pass
+    
+    async def __aenter__(self):
+        """上下文管理器入口。"""
+        acquired = await self.acquire()
+        if not acquired:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to acquire lock: {self.lock_name}")
+        return self
+    
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        """上下文管理器出口。"""
+        await self.release()
+        return False
+
+
+@asynccontextmanager
+async def distributed_lock(
+    lock_name: str,
+    timeout: int = 30,
+    retry_times: int = 3,
+    retry_delay: float = 0.1,
+    auto_renewal: bool = False,
+    redis: Optional[Redis] = None,
+):
+    """
+    分布式锁上下文管理器（便捷函数）。
+    
+    Args:
+        lock_name: 锁的名称
+        timeout: 锁的超时时间（秒）
+        retry_times: 重试次数
+        retry_delay: 重试间隔（秒）
+        auto_renewal: 是否自动续期
+        redis: Redis 客户端，如果不提供则使用默认客户端
+    
+    示例：
+        async with distributed_lock("my_resource", timeout=60):
+            await do_something()
+    """
+    if redis is None:
+        redis = await get_redis()
+    
+    lock = DistributedLock(
+        redis=redis,
+        lock_name=lock_name,
+        timeout=timeout,
+        retry_times=retry_times,
+        retry_delay=retry_delay,
+        auto_renewal=auto_renewal,
+    )
+    
+    async with lock:
+        yield lock
+
+
+def distributed_lock_decorator(
+    lock_name: Optional[str] = None,
+    timeout: int = 30,
+    retry_times: int = 3,
+    retry_delay: float = 0.1,
+    auto_renewal: bool = False,
+):
+    """
+    分布式锁装饰器。
+    
+    Args:
+        lock_name: 锁的名称，如果不提供则使用函数名
+        timeout: 锁的超时时间（秒）
+        retry_times: 重试次数
+        retry_delay: 重试间隔（秒）
+        auto_renewal: 是否自动续期
+    
+    示例：
+        # 使用函数名作为锁名
+        @distributed_lock_decorator()
+        async def my_function():
+            await do_something()
+        
+        # 指定锁名
+        @distributed_lock_decorator("custom_lock_name")
+        async def my_function():
+            await do_something()
+        
+        # 指定参数
+        @distributed_lock_decorator("custom_lock", timeout=60, auto_renewal=True)
+        async def my_function():
+            await do_something()
+    """
+    def decorator(func):
+        async def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+            # 确定锁名称
+            actual_lock_name = lock_name or f"{func.__module__}.{func.__name__}"
+            
+            redis = await get_redis()
+            lock = DistributedLock(
+                redis=redis,
+                lock_name=actual_lock_name,
+                timeout=timeout,
+                retry_times=retry_times,
+                retry_delay=retry_delay,
+                auto_renewal=auto_renewal,
+            )
+            
+            async with lock:
+                return await func(*args, **kwargs)
+        
+        return wrapper
+    
+    return decorator

core/distributed_lock_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+"""
+分布式锁使用示例。
+
+展示了多种使用分布式锁的方式。
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+from core.redis import init_redis, get_redis
+from core.distributed_lock import (
+    DistributedLock,
+    distributed_lock,
+    distributed_lock_decorator,
+)
+
+
+async def example_1_context_manager():
+    """示例 1: 使用上下文管理器（推荐方式）"""
+    print("\n=== 示例 1: 使用上下文管理器 ===")
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    
+    try:
+        async with DistributedLock(redis, "resource_1", timeout=10):
+            print("✓ 成功获取锁 'resource_1'")
+            # 执行需要互斥的操作
+            await asyncio.sleep(2)
+            print("✓ 完成操作，即将自动释放锁")
+        print("✓ 锁已自动释放")
+    except RuntimeError as e:
+        print(f"✗ 获取锁失败: {e}")
+
+
+async def example_2_manual_lock():
+    """示例 2: 手动获取和释放锁"""
+    print("\n=== 示例 2: 手动获取和释放锁 ===")
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    lock = DistributedLock(
+        redis,
+        "resource_2",
+        timeout=10,
+        retry_times=3,
+        retry_delay=0.5,
+    )
+    
+    if await lock.acquire():
+        print("✓ 成功获取锁 'resource_2'")
+        try:
+            # 执行需要互斥的操作
+            await asyncio.sleep(2)
+            print("✓ 完成操作")
+        finally:
+            if await lock.release():
+                print("✓ 成功释放锁")
+            else:
+                print("✗ 释放锁失败")
+    else:
+        print("✗ 获取锁失败")
+
+
+async def example_3_convenience_function():
+    """示例 3: 使用便捷函数"""
+    print("\n=== 示例 3: 使用便捷函数 ===")
+    
+    async with distributed_lock("resource_3", timeout=10, retry_times=3):
+        print("✓ 成功获取锁 'resource_3'")
+        await asyncio.sleep(2)
+        print("✓ 完成操作，即将自动释放锁")
+    print("✓ 锁已自动释放")
+
+
+@distributed_lock_decorator()
+async def example_4_decorator_default():
+    """示例 4: 使用装饰器（默认锁名）"""
+    print("\n=== 示例 4: 使用装饰器（默认锁名）===")
+    print(f"✓ 成功获取锁（默认使用函数名作为锁名）")
+    await asyncio.sleep(2)
+    print("✓ 完成操作，即将自动释放锁")
+
+
+@distributed_lock_decorator("custom_resource")
+async def example_5_decorator_custom():
+    """示例 5: 使用装饰器（自定义锁名）"""
+    print("\n=== 示例 5: 使用装饰器（自定义锁名）===")
+    print("✓ 成功获取锁 'custom_resource'")
+    await asyncio.sleep(2)
+    print("✓ 完成操作，即将自动释放锁")
+
+
+@distributed_lock_decorator("long_running_task", timeout=60, auto_renewal=True)
+async def example_6_auto_renewal():
+    """示例 6: 使用自动续期功能"""
+    print("\n=== 示例 6: 使用自动续期功能 ===")
+    print("✓ 成功获取锁，启用自动续期")
+    print("✓ 模拟长时间运行的任务（45秒）...")
+    
+    # 模拟一个需要 45 秒的任务
+    # 虽然锁的超时时间是 60 秒，但自动续期会保证锁不会过期
+    for i in range(9):
+        await asyncio.sleep(5)
+        print(f"  - 进度: {(i + 1) * 5}/45 秒")
+    
+    print("✓ 任务完成，锁会自动释放")
+
+
+async def example_7_lock_conflict():
+    """示例 7: 演示锁冲突"""
+    print("\n=== 示例 7: 演示锁冲突 ===")
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    
+    # 任务 1: 获取锁并持有 5 秒
+    async def task_1():
+        lock = DistributedLock(redis, "shared_resource", timeout=10)
+        if await lock.acquire():
+            print("任务 1: ✓ 成功获取锁")
+            await asyncio.sleep(5)
+            print("任务 1: ✓ 完成工作")
+            await lock.release()
+            print("任务 1: ✓ 释放锁")
+    
+    # 任务 2: 尝试获取同一个锁（不重试）
+    async def task_2():
+        await asyncio.sleep(1)  # 等待任务 1 先获取锁
+        lock = DistributedLock(redis, "shared_resource", timeout=10, retry_times=0)
+        if await lock.acquire(blocking=False):
+            print("任务 2: ✓ 成功获取锁")
+            await lock.release()
+        else:
+            print("任务 2: ✗ 获取锁失败（预期行为，因为任务 1 持有锁）")
+    
+    # 任务 3: 尝试获取同一个锁（带重试）
+    async def task_3():
+        await asyncio.sleep(1)  # 等待任务 1 先获取锁
+        lock = DistributedLock(
+            redis,
+            "shared_resource",
+            timeout=10,
+            retry_times=20,  # 重试 20 次
+            retry_delay=0.3,  # 每次重试间隔 0.3 秒
+        )
+        print("任务 3: ⏳ 等待获取锁（带重试）...")
+        if await lock.acquire():
+            print("任务 3: ✓ 成功获取锁（任务 1 释放后）")
+            await lock.release()
+            print("任务 3: ✓ 释放锁")
+    
+    # 并发运行三个任务
+    await asyncio.gather(task_1(), task_2(), task_3())
+
+
+async def example_8_extend_lock():
+    """示例 8: 手动延长锁的持有时间"""
+    print("\n=== 示例 8: 手动延长锁的持有时间 ===")
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    lock = DistributedLock(redis, "extendable_resource", timeout=5)
+    
+    if await lock.acquire():
+        print("✓ 成功获取锁（超时时间: 5 秒）")
+        
+        await asyncio.sleep(3)
+        print("✓ 3 秒后，手动延长锁的持有时间")
+        
+        if await lock.extend(additional_time=10):
+            print("✓ 成功延长锁的持有时间（额外 10 秒）")
+        
+        await asyncio.sleep(3)
+        print("✓ 再等待 3 秒（总共 6 秒，但锁已延长，不会过期）")
+        
+        await lock.release()
+        print("✓ 释放锁")
+
+
+async def example_9_check_lock_status():
+    """示例 9: 检查锁的状态"""
+    print("\n=== 示例 9: 检查锁的状态 ===")
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    lock = DistributedLock(redis, "status_check_resource", timeout=10)
+    
+    print(f"✓ 锁是否被任何实例持有: {await lock.is_locked_by_anyone()}")
+    print(f"✓ 锁是否由当前实例持有: {await lock.is_locked_by_me()}")
+    
+    await lock.acquire()
+    print("\n✓ 获取锁后:")
+    print(f"✓ 锁是否被任何实例持有: {await lock.is_locked_by_anyone()}")
+    print(f"✓ 锁是否由当前实例持有: {await lock.is_locked_by_me()}")
+    
+    await lock.release()
+    print("\n✓ 释放锁后:")
+    print(f"✓ 锁是否被任何实例持有: {await lock.is_locked_by_anyone()}")
+    print(f"✓ 锁是否由当前实例持有: {await lock.is_locked_by_me()}")
+
+
+async def main():
+    """运行所有示例"""
+    # 初始化 Redis
+    await init_redis()
+    
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("分布式锁使用示例")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    # 运行所有示例
+    await example_1_context_manager()
+    await example_2_manual_lock()
+    await example_3_convenience_function()
+    await example_4_decorator_default()
+    await example_5_decorator_custom()
+    await example_6_auto_renewal()
+    await example_7_lock_conflict()
+    await example_8_extend_lock()
+    await example_9_check_lock_status()
+    
+    print("\n" + "=" * 60)
+    print("所有示例运行完成！")
+    print("=" * 60)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

core/redis.py

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async def check_redis_connection() -> bool:
     try:
         if redis_client is None:
             return False
-        await redis_client.ping()
+        redis_client.ping()
         return True
     except Exception:
         return False

tests/test_distributed_lock.py

@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+"""
+分布式锁单元测试。
+
+测试分布式锁的各种功能和边界情况。
+"""
+
+import pytest
+import asyncio
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
+from redis.asyncio import Redis
+from core.distributed_lock import (
+    DistributedLock,
+    distributed_lock,
+    distributed_lock_decorator,
+)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+async def mock_redis():
+    """创建 Mock Redis 客户端"""
+    redis = AsyncMock(spec=Redis)
+    redis.set = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
+    redis.get = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+    redis.delete = AsyncMock(return_value=1)
+    redis.exists = AsyncMock(return_value=0)
+    redis.expire = AsyncMock(return_value=True)
+    redis.eval = AsyncMock(return_value=1)
+    return redis
+
+
+class TestDistributedLock:
+    """测试 DistributedLock 类"""
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_acquire_and_release(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试基本的获取和释放锁"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=30)
+        
+        # 测试获取锁
+        assert await lock.acquire() is True
+        mock_redis.set.assert_called_once()
+        
+        # 测试释放锁
+        assert await lock.release() is True
+        mock_redis.eval.assert_called_once()
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_acquire_fail(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试获取锁失败的情况"""
+        mock_redis.set = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+        
+        lock = DistributedLock(
+            mock_redis,
+            "test_lock",
+            timeout=30,
+            retry_times=0,
+        )
+        
+        # 非阻塞模式下应该立即返回 False
+        assert await lock.acquire(blocking=False) is False
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_acquire_with_retry(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试带重试的获取锁"""
+        # 前两次失败，第三次成功
+        mock_redis.set = AsyncMock(side_effect=[False, False, True])
+        
+        lock = DistributedLock(
+            mock_redis,
+            "test_lock",
+            timeout=30,
+            retry_times=5,
+            retry_delay=0.01,  # 减少测试时间
+        )
+        
+        # 应该在第三次尝试时成功
+        assert await lock.acquire() is True
+        assert mock_redis.set.call_count == 3
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_context_manager(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试上下文管理器"""
+        executed = False
+        
+        async with DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=30):
+            executed = True
+        
+        assert executed is True
+        assert mock_redis.set.called
+        assert mock_redis.eval.called
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_context_manager_acquire_fail(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试上下文管理器获取锁失败"""
+        mock_redis.set = AsyncMock(return_value=False)
+        
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="Failed to acquire lock"):
+            async with DistributedLock(
+                mock_redis,
+                "test_lock",
+                timeout=30,
+                retry_times=0,
+            ):
+                pass
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_extend_lock(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试延长锁的持有时间"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=30)
+        await lock.acquire()
+        
+        # 延长锁
+        assert await lock.extend(additional_time=60) is True
+        
+        await lock.release()
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_extend_without_acquire(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试在未获取锁的情况下延长锁"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=30)
+        
+        # 未获取锁时延长应该失败
+        assert await lock.extend() is False
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_is_locked_by_me(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试检查锁是否由当前实例持有"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=30)
+        
+        # 未获取锁时
+        assert await lock.is_locked_by_me() is False
+        
+        # 获取锁后
+        await lock.acquire()
+        mock_redis.get = AsyncMock(return_value=lock.identifier)
+        assert await lock.is_locked_by_me() is True
+        
+        await lock.release()
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_is_locked_by_anyone(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试检查锁是否被任何实例持有"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=30)
+        
+        # 锁不存在
+        mock_redis.exists = AsyncMock(return_value=0)
+        assert await lock.is_locked_by_anyone() is False
+        
+        # 锁存在
+        mock_redis.exists = AsyncMock(return_value=1)
+        assert await lock.is_locked_by_anyone() is True
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_release_without_acquire(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试未获取锁就释放"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=30)
+        
+        # 未获取锁时释放应该返回 False
+        assert await lock.release() is False
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_auto_renewal(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试自动续期功能"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(
+            mock_redis,
+            "test_lock",
+            timeout=2,
+            auto_renewal=True,
+            renewal_interval=1,
+        )
+        
+        await lock.acquire()
+        
+        # 等待足够的时间让续期至少执行一次
+        await asyncio.sleep(1.5)
+        
+        # 验证续期被调用（通过 eval 调用）
+        # 注意：第一次 eval 是 acquire 调用的，后续的是续期调用的
+        # 实际上我们这里主要验证逻辑，mock 环境下可能不完全准确
+        
+        await lock.release()
+
+
+class TestDistributedLockHelpers:
+    """测试辅助函数"""
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    @patch("core.distributed_lock.get_redis")
+    async def test_distributed_lock_function(self, mock_get_redis, mock_redis):
+        """测试 distributed_lock 便捷函数"""
+        mock_get_redis.return_value = mock_redis
+        
+        executed = False
+        
+        async with distributed_lock("test_resource", timeout=30):
+            executed = True
+        
+        assert executed is True
+        assert mock_redis.set.called
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    @patch("core.distributed_lock.get_redis")
+    async def test_distributed_lock_decorator(self, mock_get_redis, mock_redis):
+        """测试装饰器"""
+        mock_get_redis.return_value = mock_redis
+        
+        call_count = 0
+        
+        @distributed_lock_decorator("test_lock")
+        async def test_function():
+            nonlocal call_count
+            call_count += 1
+            return "success"
+        
+        result = await test_function()
+        
+        assert result == "success"
+        assert call_count == 1
+        assert mock_redis.set.called
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    @patch("core.distributed_lock.get_redis")
+    async def test_decorator_default_lock_name(self, mock_get_redis, mock_redis):
+        """测试装饰器使用默认锁名"""
+        mock_get_redis.return_value = mock_redis
+        
+        @distributed_lock_decorator()
+        async def my_function():
+            return "done"
+        
+        result = await my_function()
+        
+        assert result == "done"
+        # 锁名应该是函数的模块名 + 函数名
+        # 验证 set 被调用时使用了包含函数名的锁名
+        assert mock_redis.set.called
+
+
+class TestDistributedLockConcurrency:
+    """测试并发场景"""
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_concurrent_lock_acquisition(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试并发获取锁"""
+        # 模拟：第一个请求成功，其他失败
+        call_count = 0
+        
+        async def set_side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+            nonlocal call_count
+            call_count += 1
+            return call_count == 1  # 只有第一次返回 True
+        
+        mock_redis.set = AsyncMock(side_effect=set_side_effect)
+        
+        results = []
+        
+        async def try_acquire():
+            lock = DistributedLock(
+                mock_redis,
+                "shared_resource",
+                timeout=30,
+                retry_times=0,
+            )
+            result = await lock.acquire(blocking=False)
+            results.append(result)
+            if result:
+                await lock.release()
+        
+        # 并发执行 5 个任务
+        await asyncio.gather(*[try_acquire() for _ in range(5)])
+        
+        # 应该只有一个成功
+        assert sum(results) == 1
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_lock_ordering(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试锁的顺序获取"""
+        execution_order = []
+        
+        # 模拟锁的获取和释放
+        lock_held = False
+        
+        async def set_impl(*args, **kwargs):
+            nonlocal lock_held
+            if kwargs.get('nx') and not lock_held:
+                lock_held = True
+                return True
+            return False
+        
+        async def eval_impl(*args, **kwargs):
+            nonlocal lock_held
+            lock_held = False
+            return 1
+        
+        mock_redis.set = AsyncMock(side_effect=set_impl)
+        mock_redis.eval = AsyncMock(side_effect=eval_impl)
+        
+        async def worker(worker_id: int):
+            lock = DistributedLock(
+                mock_redis,
+                "ordered_resource",
+                timeout=10,
+                retry_times=20,
+                retry_delay=0.01,
+            )
+            
+            if await lock.acquire():
+                execution_order.append(worker_id)
+                await asyncio.sleep(0.02)  # 模拟工作
+                await lock.release()
+        
+        # 启动 3 个工作者
+        await asyncio.gather(*[worker(i) for i in range(3)])
+        
+        # 所有工作者都应该执行
+        assert len(execution_order) == 3
+        # 顺序可能不同，但不应该有重复
+        assert len(set(execution_order)) == 3
+
+
+class TestEdgeCases:
+    """测试边界情况"""
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_zero_timeout(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试超时时间为 0"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=0)
+        await lock.acquire()
+        
+        # 应该使用 0 作为超时
+        call_args = mock_redis.set.call_args
+        assert call_args[1]['ex'] == 0
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_very_long_timeout(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试非常长的超时时间"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=86400)  # 1 天
+        await lock.acquire()
+        
+        call_args = mock_redis.set.call_args
+        assert call_args[1]['ex'] == 86400
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_multiple_release(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试多次释放锁"""
+        lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, "test_lock", timeout=30)
+        await lock.acquire()
+        
+        # 第一次释放应该成功
+        assert await lock.release() is True
+        
+        # 第二次释放应该失败（因为已经不持有锁）
+        assert await lock.release() is False
+    
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_lock_with_special_characters(self, mock_redis):
+        """测试包含特殊字符的锁名"""
+        special_names = [
+            "lock:with:colons",
+            "lock/with/slashes",
+            "lock-with-dashes",
+            "lock_with_underscores",
+            "lock.with.dots",
+        ]
+        
+        for name in special_names:
+            lock = DistributedLock(mock_redis, name, timeout=30)
+            assert await lock.acquire() is True
+            await lock.release()

tests/test_distributed_lock_integration.py

@@ -0,0 +1,388 @@
+"""
+分布式锁集成测试（不依赖 pytest，可直接运行）。
+
+测试在真实 Redis 环境下的分布式锁功能。
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import time
+from typing import List
+from core.redis import init_redis, get_redis, close_redis_connection
+from core.distributed_lock import (
+    DistributedLock,
+    distributed_lock,
+    distributed_lock_decorator,
+)
+
+
+class TestResults:
+    """测试结果记录"""
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.passed = 0
+        self.failed = 0
+        self.errors: List[str] = []
+    
+    def assert_true(self, condition: bool, message: str):
+        """断言为真"""
+        if condition:
+            self.passed += 1
+            print(f"  ✓ {message}")
+        else:
+            self.failed += 1
+            error = f"✗ {message}"
+            self.errors.append(error)
+            print(f"  {error}")
+    
+    def assert_false(self, condition: bool, message: str):
+        """断言为假"""
+        self.assert_true(not condition, message)
+    
+    def assert_equal(self, actual, expected, message: str):
+        """断言相等"""
+        if actual == expected:
+            self.passed += 1
+            print(f"  ✓ {message}")
+        else:
+            self.failed += 1
+            error = f"✗ {message} (expected: {expected}, actual: {actual})"
+            self.errors.append(error)
+            print(f"  {error}")
+    
+    def print_summary(self):
+        """打印测试摘要"""
+        total = self.passed + self.failed
+        print("\n" + "=" * 60)
+        print(f"测试摘要: {self.passed}/{total} 通过")
+        if self.errors:
+            print(f"\n失败的测试:")
+            for error in self.errors:
+                print(f"  {error}")
+        print("=" * 60)
+
+
+async def test_basic_lock_acquire_release():
+    """测试基本的锁获取和释放"""
+    print("\n测试 1: 基本的锁获取和释放")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    lock = DistributedLock(redis, "test_basic_lock", timeout=10)
+    
+    # 测试获取锁
+    acquired = await lock.acquire()
+    results.assert_true(acquired, "成功获取锁")
+    
+    # 测试锁状态
+    is_locked = await lock.is_locked_by_me()
+    results.assert_true(is_locked, "锁由当前实例持有")
+    
+    # 测试释放锁
+    released = await lock.release()
+    results.assert_true(released, "成功释放锁")
+    
+    # 释放后的状态
+    is_locked_after = await lock.is_locked_by_me()
+    results.assert_false(is_locked_after, "释放后锁不再由当前实例持有")
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def test_context_manager():
+    """测试上下文管理器"""
+    print("\n测试 2: 上下文管理器")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    executed = False
+    
+    try:
+        async with DistributedLock(redis, "test_context_lock", timeout=10):
+            executed = True
+        results.assert_true(executed, "代码块被执行")
+        
+        # 验证锁已释放
+        lock_exists = await redis.exists("distributed_lock:test_context_lock")
+        results.assert_equal(lock_exists, 0, "锁已自动释放")
+    except Exception as e:
+        results.assert_true(False, f"上下文管理器执行失败: {e}")
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def test_lock_conflict():
+    """测试锁冲突"""
+    print("\n测试 3: 锁冲突")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    
+    # 第一个锁
+    lock1 = DistributedLock(redis, "test_conflict_lock", timeout=5)
+    acquired1 = await lock1.acquire()
+    results.assert_true(acquired1, "第一个实例成功获取锁")
+    
+    # 第二个锁（尝试获取同一个资源）
+    lock2 = DistributedLock(redis, "test_conflict_lock", timeout=5, retry_times=0)
+    acquired2 = await lock2.acquire(blocking=False)
+    results.assert_false(acquired2, "第二个实例无法获取锁（预期行为）")
+    
+    # 释放第一个锁
+    await lock1.release()
+    
+    # 现在第二个锁应该能获取
+    acquired2_retry = await lock2.acquire(blocking=False)
+    results.assert_true(acquired2_retry, "第一个锁释放后，第二个实例成功获取锁")
+    
+    await lock2.release()
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def test_lock_with_retry():
+    """测试带重试的锁获取"""
+    print("\n测试 4: 带重试的锁获取")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    
+    # 第一个锁持有 2 秒
+    async def holder():
+        lock = DistributedLock(redis, "test_retry_lock", timeout=10)
+        await lock.acquire()
+        await asyncio.sleep(2)
+        await lock.release()
+    
+    # 第二个锁等待获取（带重试）
+    async def waiter():
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.5)  # 确保第一个锁先获取
+        lock = DistributedLock(
+            redis,
+            "test_retry_lock",
+            timeout=10,
+            retry_times=20,
+            retry_delay=0.2,
+        )
+        start_time = time.time()
+        acquired = await lock.acquire()
+        elapsed = time.time() - start_time
+        
+        results.assert_true(acquired, "通过重试成功获取锁")
+        results.assert_true(1.0 < elapsed < 3.0, f"等待时间合理 ({elapsed:.2f}秒)")
+        
+        await lock.release()
+    
+    await asyncio.gather(holder(), waiter())
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def test_lock_timeout():
+    """测试锁超时"""
+    print("\n测试 5: 锁超时")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    
+    # 获取锁但不释放，等待超时
+    lock1 = DistributedLock(redis, "test_timeout_lock", timeout=2)
+    await lock1.acquire()
+    results.assert_true(True, "获取锁成功")
+    
+    # 等待超过超时时间
+    await asyncio.sleep(3)
+    
+    # 另一个实例应该能获取锁（因为第一个锁已超时）
+    lock2 = DistributedLock(redis, "test_timeout_lock", timeout=5)
+    acquired = await lock2.acquire(blocking=False)
+    results.assert_true(acquired, "超时后其他实例可以获取锁")
+    
+    await lock2.release()
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def test_extend_lock():
+    """测试延长锁"""
+    print("\n测试 6: 延长锁")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    lock = DistributedLock(redis, "test_extend_lock", timeout=3)
+    
+    await lock.acquire()
+    results.assert_true(True, "获取锁成功")
+    
+    # 等待 2 秒
+    await asyncio.sleep(2)
+    
+    # 延长锁
+    extended = await lock.extend(additional_time=5)
+    results.assert_true(extended, "成功延长锁")
+    
+    # 再等待 3 秒（原本会超时，但已延长）
+    await asyncio.sleep(3)
+    
+    # 应该仍然持有锁
+    is_mine = await lock.is_locked_by_me()
+    results.assert_true(is_mine, "延长后仍持有锁")
+    
+    await lock.release()
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def test_convenience_function():
+    """测试便捷函数"""
+    print("\n测试 7: 便捷函数")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    executed = False
+    
+    try:
+        async with distributed_lock("test_convenience", timeout=10):
+            executed = True
+        results.assert_true(executed, "便捷函数正常工作")
+    except Exception as e:
+        results.assert_true(False, f"便捷函数失败: {e}")
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def test_decorator():
+    """测试装饰器"""
+    print("\n测试 8: 装饰器")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    call_count = 0
+    
+    @distributed_lock_decorator("test_decorator_lock")
+    async def decorated_function():
+        nonlocal call_count
+        call_count += 1
+        return "success"
+    
+    try:
+        result = await decorated_function()
+        results.assert_equal(result, "success", "装饰器函数返回正确结果")
+        results.assert_equal(call_count, 1, "函数被调用一次")
+    except Exception as e:
+        results.assert_true(False, f"装饰器失败: {e}")
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def test_concurrent_access():
+    """测试并发访问"""
+    print("\n测试 9: 并发访问")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    counter = {"value": 0}
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    
+    async def increment():
+        async with DistributedLock(
+            redis,
+            "test_concurrent_counter",
+            timeout=10,
+            retry_times=20,
+            retry_delay=0.1,
+        ):
+            # 读取、修改、写入（非原子操作，需要锁保护）
+            current = counter["value"]
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.01)  # 模拟延迟
+            counter["value"] = current + 1
+    
+    # 并发执行 10 个增量操作
+    await asyncio.gather(*[increment() for _ in range(10)])
+    
+    results.assert_equal(counter["value"], 10, "并发计数正确（无竞态条件）")
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def test_auto_renewal():
+    """测试自动续期"""
+    print("\n测试 10: 自动续期")
+    results = TestResults()
+    
+    redis = await get_redis()
+    
+    # 创建一个超时时间短但启用自动续期的锁
+    lock = DistributedLock(
+        redis,
+        "test_auto_renewal_lock",
+        timeout=2,
+        auto_renewal=True,
+        renewal_interval=1,
+    )
+    
+    await lock.acquire()
+    results.assert_true(True, "获取锁成功")
+    
+    # 等待超过超时时间（但自动续期会保持锁）
+    await asyncio.sleep(4)
+    
+    # 应该仍然持有锁
+    is_mine = await lock.is_locked_by_me()
+    results.assert_true(is_mine, "自动续期后仍持有锁")
+    
+    await lock.release()
+    
+    return results
+
+
+async def run_all_tests():
+    """运行所有测试"""
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("分布式锁集成测试")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    
+    # 初始化 Redis
+    try:
+        await init_redis()
+        print("✓ Redis 连接成功\n")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"✗ Redis 连接失败: {e}")
+        print("请确保 Redis 服务正在运行并配置正确")
+        return
+    
+    # 运行所有测试
+    all_results = TestResults()
+    
+    tests = [
+        test_basic_lock_acquire_release,
+        test_context_manager,
+        test_lock_conflict,
+        test_lock_with_retry,
+        test_lock_timeout,
+        test_extend_lock,
+        test_convenience_function,
+        test_decorator,
+        test_concurrent_access,
+        test_auto_renewal,
+    ]
+    
+    for test in tests:
+        try:
+            result = await test()
+            all_results.passed += result.passed
+            all_results.failed += result.failed
+            all_results.errors.extend(result.errors)
+        except Exception as e:
+            all_results.failed += 1
+            error = f"✗ 测试 {test.__name__} 执行失败: {e}"
+            all_results.errors.append(error)
+            print(f"\n  {error}")
+    
+    # 清理
+    await close_redis_connection()
+    
+    # 打印摘要
+    all_results.print_summary()
+    
+    return all_results.failed == 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    success = asyncio.run(run_all_tests())
+    exit(0 if success else 1)